Analytical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analytical - Essay Example hen he famously remarked, ‘privacy is dead.’ This statement was made in response to the protest of Facebook users about the decreased privacy features of Facebook (Popkin, 2010). Zuckerberg would later apologize for such comments and would later relent to demands of users on the establishment of protective measures for their privacy. Even with these measures in place however, so much private information are still being made available and accessible through the internet (Lipschultz, 2008). Accessing websites often require the entry of email addresses and these email addresses are often sold to advertisers who then send spam to the electronic mails (Angwin, 2010). Many scams also gain access to these email addresses and send bogus mail which attempt to convince the user to give up their names, Social Security Numbers, Credit card numbers, bank accounts, birthdays, addresses, phone numbers, and similar personal information. Once this information is gained, credit card phish ing and skimming are carried out, often charging thousands into user’s credit cards and sometimes cleaning out their bank accounts (Angwin, 2010). Despite its numerous merits, the use of the World Wide Web as it is commonly known also has its negative repercussions. The internet, through the social networking sites and online economic transactions, carries a lot of information, both private and public (Angwin, 2010). People however are still eager to use it despite its negative implications in regard to privacy. It has become an indispensable part of their lives (Hoffman, Novak, and Ventakesh, 2004). The World Wide Web is a universal trend and within it carries vital private information about people all over the world. There is no disbelief that the internet has to an immense deal changed the lives of people but what about its negative side on privacy matters? The ever increasing exchange and storage of personal information on the internet seems to have largely been compromised

Religion and So-called German Christians Essay Example for Free

Religion and So-called German Christians Essay Religion continues to be one of the most influential forces in the world. It has been seen to provide great peace and harmony to believers, but it has also been the cause if not an actual reason for some of historys greatest wars. It can be used as justification from leaders of war, can it also serve as an instrument of resolution as well? Religion has come to be a much stronger force than any material incentives. It is far better at directing positive behaviour towards social betterment than any laws or physical force. For instance, Ghandi and Martin Luther King Jr conducted non-violent protests based upon religious beliefs. Religion can also be used to help bring people together as they are more willing to work together. By contrast, places that reject religion, such as Revolutionary France, communist Russia and China, or Nazi Germany are often very brutally oppressive. However, it is not always the case. For example, Iran: a country where religion is so prevalent is equally as oppressive as these countries. Incidentally, religion can be very dangerous because it can and has been used to justify horrific acts. Crusaders not only killed many Muslims, they also massacred many Jews and Eastern Christians in the process of attempting to win control of the Holy Land. Adolf Hitlers followers among them the so-called German Christians were believers in their Fuhrer. The Inquisition carried out its torture in the name of God. Religion should never be involved in politics because it can then be used as an instrument of control. However, in places where religion develops freely and people have free access to places of worship, it provides people with a sense of hope, praying serves as therapy and members of a congregation feel a sense of community and friendship. Some of the greatest works of art were created in the name of God. Furthermore, Woodrow Wilson suggested that a strong affinity exists between religious commitment and patriotism. Love of country, just like the love of God certainly inspires good deeds but not always. Furthermore, religion may have led to the creation of the worlds finest art, but it has also caused its destruction. Religion can be a source of extreme nationalism. In Christianity, Islam and Judaism, God is described as mighty warrior, just king and righteous judge. He apparently punished the unjust, the unrighteous and the disobedient. The idea that a nation is the instrument of Gods will has led to war and the subjugation of people viewed as ungodly. Fundamentalism clouds everything. There is a need to be right and superior, which develops an ego and once we fall foul to it, we are lost. Conversely, biblical commandments are the basis of Western ethical and legal systems. It has seen to teach us tolerance for people with other beliefs and opinions. Usually believers are more peaceful, law-abiding and tolerant than the non-believers in the world. Some people need it psychologically and without it may step to extremism such as suicide or anarchy. However, some live in a delusion and in a constant state of intellectual dishonesty. Some people, who are so far devout in their own beliefs, use them to beat other beliefs and religious groups into submission. Religions like Islam justify holy wars against the unfaithful, meaning those of other religions. This can also be seen in the violence of the crusades launched by Christians in the medieval period and by later wars between Protestant and Catholic. Religious conviction like the extremist Hindu groups against Christians and Muslims in India has paved the way for the terrorist attacks in New York City on September eleventh 2001. Religious clashes have led to some of the most heinous human behaviour in recorded history. Western states grew as a result of religion and religious philosophy. Western European and North American societies are still based on Protestant ideals of diligence, thrift and moderation. The very existence of theocratic state, proves that governments in these states are much more stable than regimes in secular countries because leaders are viewed as appointed by God. Political stability, in turn, leads to economic welfare. Despite this, Theocratic states become totalitarian regimes because they are based upon obedience to a ruler who is seen as Gods representative rather than a democratic constitution. They may be stable but they are not essentially concerned with their peoples welfare. By prioritising religious imperatives over economic development and by their intolerance of the questionable types who drive economic process states like Iran have become corrupt, authoritarian and poor. In conclusion, I believe that religion provides many opportunities and hope for those who have nothing else to turn to, it helps bring unity and sometimes peace into communities. However, I also believe that it has become a perversion of the redemptive message of Jesus, by so-called devout humans using their beliefs to ruin and destroy the lives of many others. I myself am agnostic and am very open-minded.

The History and Future of the Olympics Essay -- Exploratory Essays Res

The History and Future of the Olympics It is the year 2004, and everyone who is anyone in the world of athletics is headed to Athens, Greece. To some people Athens is just an ancient city where the myths of Hercules and Zeus were originated, but this year, it's not just an ancient city, it's a reunion of where sports began. Even thought they won't be played in the nude it will still be considered a reunion. That's right; the Olympics are headed back to their hometown of Athens, or at least it's close enough. However, looking back on the years, both modern and ancient, there has been quite a change in our Olympic events. The ancient Olympic event was all about glory, athleticism and total representation of one's own country. It seems to me that the Olympics have lost some of its touch when it comes to athleticism (cryptoworld.com). In addition, whatever happened to the idea of Amateur Athleticism? There was even a federation called International Amateur Athletics Federation formed, and it was stated that in order to participate in the Olympics, one must not be paid. Now, in modern terms, all they must do is take a break from being paid in their professional season to participate. The motto of the ancient Olympics is "Citius, Altius, Fortius", which in terms that we understand, "Faster, Higher, Stronger". Where are these three words are interpreted in table tennis, archery, equestrian, race walking, curling, synchronized swimming, synchronized diving (Contoni). These "games" just are not exciting and have nothing to do with the motto "Citius, Altius, Fortius". So, what does make an Olympic sport a spo rt? The answer is a majority of vote or enough complaints about discrimination against a sport that the International Olympi... ...cs." Physics Web. September 2000. http://physicsweb.org/article/world/13/9/8. Kahn, Jonathon. "Why Too Many Olympic Sports Are Neither." July 12, 2000. March 26, 2004. slate.msn.com/id/86069. Mallette, V. "Technology and the Olympics." Sport Information. http://www.ausport.gov.au/info/factsheets/tech.html. Michaelis, Vicki and Yu, Vincent. "IOC panel wants to drop basesball, add golf." USA Today. April 7,2004 http://www.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/2002-08-28-golf_x.htm People's Daily Online. People Daily. Monday, October 20, 2003. March 26, 2004. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200310/20/eng20031020_126437.shtml. Technology and the Olympics. "Sport Information." 1996. March 15, 2004. http://www.ausport.gov.au/info/factsheets/tech.html "The Olympic Games." Winged Sandals. March 15, 2004. <http://www.abc.net.au/arts/wingedsandals/history2.htm>

Media Violence and Its Effects Essay -- Media

Imagine one day you lost your television. You lost your favorite talk show, your CNN, your favorite cartoon and all of your connections to the whole world. Throughout decades, media have became one of the most powerful weapons in the world. As time passed, more and more varieties of media were shown, like television, magazines, and internet. From reporting the news to persuading us to buy certain products, media became the only connection between people and the world. But violence in media is shown everywhere, it is hard to turn on your media source and not find violence displayed on the screen, no matter its television, internet, print media, or even radio. Eventually, media became a contributing factor to violent and aggressive behavior of youngsters, especially teenagers. Media violence has caused many negative effects in society. The main reasons for the unstoppable growth of media violence are because of the continue disregard of this matter, the demand for violence from the aud ience, and the effects it has on youngsters. The society is accepting everything media shows as a ...

Is Children’s Development a Universal Staged Process or a Social and Cultural Process?

There are three main approaches to child development, the scientific, the social constructionist and the applied approach. Each of these approaches look at children’s development from a different stand point. I will go on to explore each approach in turn and how they can help us answer the above question. The scientific approach to child development seeks to explain the facts about child development. It does this by devising theories which are then tested through observations and experiments. A classic example of this is Jean Piaget (1896-1890) who was one of the most influential theorists in child development. Piaget built up a theory about how children’s thinking developed; this is usually referred to as his theory on Cognitive development. He proposed that children do not gradually increase their thinking capacity but that they go through a series of stages or transformations in their thinking. Piaget (1932) proposed that there are 4 main stages in a children’s development; sensor-motor (approximately 0-2yrs), pre-operational (approximately 2-6 yrs), concrete operational (approximately 6-12 yrs) and formal operational (12 yrs and over). His approach can be seen today in how the curriculum is sequenced in schools and in the rise of children’s centres across the UK. Piaget used many similar experiments to support his theory. Examples are, children were asked to compare balls of plasticine after one had been rolled into a sausage; another was for children to compare rows of counters where one row had been stretched into a longer line. In each case the younger children appeared to reason that the amount of counters or plasticine had also changed. (Light and Oates, 1990, PP. 101-106). He was trying to show that children aren’t less cognitively developed than adults but they actually think differently. In many of Piaget’s experiments he tried to show how & at what stage do children see things from another’s point of view. One very famous experiment was a construction of a model of 3 mountains. The largest gray and snow capped, the middle sized brown with a red cross on it and the smallest was green with a house on top. Children were then asked to sit on one side of the model with a doll at the opposite side. They were asked to arrange three pieces of cardboard shaped like the mountains. They they were asked to chose the doll’s view from 10 pictures and finally what the doll would see from other view points. Children younger than about 7 were unable to see things from another view point. Piaget’s claims were bold and his theories and experiments have been criticized by developmental theorists. Developmental theorists now recognise that a child’s development is far more complex than the 4 stages Piaget supported. Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) used Piaget’s stage of development as a starting point to suppose a theory about children’s moral development. He used moral dilemmas to study how children develop the capacity to make moral judgments. Kholberg (Kholberg 1967) proposed that there are 6 stages or levels to a child’s moral development, these are grouped into 3 levels with 2 stages in each; preconventional, conventional and principled. It is extremely rare to progress back in stages and each stage must be completed to move onto the next as each stage is more complex than the last. In Kholberg’s experiments children were given moral dilemmas about right and wrong to discover at what stage a child reaches different levels of cognitive capacity. Kholberg and his team started testing 75 boys in the US and went back and tested them at intervals as they grew into adulthood. However, this was not a cross section of US children as no girls were tested. The data from these scientific studies can be used to assess when a child knows right from wrong. These and similar techniques are used today to carry out assessments for courts deciding whether a child can be held criminally responsible. The social constructionist view of child development looks at the ways that childhood is experienced in different situations and circumstances. Different cultures, religions and social economic conditions have different expectations and beliefs around childhood. These have also been different throughout history. For example in Victorian Britain, children were expected to work in the home, field, streets or in factories. However in modern Britain we expect our children to spend much of their childhood learning at school. Another example is, Maya’s (U212 Video 1, band 1) experiences of childhood in the poor area Chittagong being different to the twins Yasir and Yamin’s experiences in middle class Chittagong. Each have different expectations of their roles within society according to their social boundaries, gender, family and beliefs. Central to the social constructionist approach is the concept of competing discourses of childhood. A discourse is a particular way of thinking or a particular view point that is influenced by our gender, language, history, beliefs, experiences and social boundaries. There are numerous discourses but a romantic discourse sees children as inherently good; a child would only do terrible things if damaged in some way. Contrary to this is the puritanical discourse which sees the child as inherently evil, doing evil things because they are wicked and need punishing. Using the social constructionist view allows us to recognise that a child who is a killer can be seen through these two very different discourses either needing therapy or needing punishment. Social constructionists are not about applying facts and time frames to child development, neither is it just about there being different ‘realities’ created by the way people think and make sense of children. It goes far deeper by exploring what these different ‘realities mean in terms of our moral consequences, what we expect, what we believe our outcomes can be and more importantly what our outcomes can’t be, what is hidden from our view and what we are prevented from doing by our constructed society. Rex Stainton Rogers (1992) says of a socially constructed world: ‘But what about childhood?†¦ For example. The children of Longwitten have come to understand that they ‘have to go to school’, that the human made ‘thing’ down the road is a school, that certain activities belong in he classroom, and others in the playground, and so on. The social world works because we share common understandings. ’ Stanton Rogers says (1992) that it is taken for granted that children will go to school and that this appears normal and the right thing to do in our socially constructed world, and that sometimes we fail to question or imagine anything els e outside of this. The third approach is the applied approach. This focuses on practical issues of childhood such as how should we parent out children, what support and services might we need in order to protect them. The applied approach relies on both the scientic and social constructionist approaches when applying theory and research to social policy, the law and professional practise. I have already looked at the romantic and puritan discourses. The romantic discourse believes that children are naturally good, therefore children who commit crime should be rehabilitated which Stuart Asquith (1996) describes as the Welfare model and the puritan discourse the ‘Justice’ model. The welfare model looks at children who do wrong as doing so because they have been mistreated / deprived or having been disadvantaged in some way. These children need nurturing and need our care to overcome these disadvantages. The Justice model looks as children as being responsible when they reach an age where they can be held partially accountable for their crimes. These children need to be treated as criminals and punished accordingly. Asquith’s applied approach draws on both the scientific aspects of children’s moral development and the social constructionist view on how culture and society affect us as humans.. In looking at all three approaches it is clear that they are all complex and interplay greatly with each other. The scientific approach concentrates on identifying universal stages of children’s development. These are a series of stages which all children pass through from immaturity to maturity. The danger is that these can result in a picture of a universal child which is mainly based on a western culture. There is scientific research to determine when a child can be morally responsible for a crime and scientific research has produced lots of data on what reformatory regimes appear to work for young offenders. But we must remember that the child is not a passive participant in this research. The outcomes will depend on both the researchers and child’s social constructions of their worlds. In contrast the social constructionists’ view is that immaturity and maturity are complex constructs that we have made for ourselves depending on a whole range of outside influences, these will be different for each one of us. Children do not develop autonomously from culture and society and take many different routes to maturity depending on many things including gender, culture, religion, and their social and economic circumstances in which they find themselves.

Definition and Examples of Consonance Word Sounds

Definition and Examples of Consonance Word Sounds Broadly, consonance is the repetition of consonant sounds; more specifically, consonance is the repetition of the final consonant sounds of accented syllables or important words. William Harmon notes that most so-called eye rhymes (such as word and lord, or blood, food, and good) are instances of consonance, as are the hymnals rhymes between between river and ever or heaven and given (A Handbook to Literature, 2006). See Examples and Observations below. Ten Titillating Types of Sound Effects in LanguageAlliterationAssonanceEuphonyFigure of SoundHomoioteleutonOnomatopoeiaParomoiosisPhonaestheticsRhymeTautophony Etymology From the Latin, agree sounds Examples and Observations The repetition of final consonant sounds, as in First and last, odds and ends, short and sweet, a stroke of luck, or Shakespeares struts and frets is CONSONANCE.(Laurence Perrine, Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense, Harcourt, 1978)Some few large men sat in the front parlors, without their collars, Uncles almost certainly, trying their new cigars.(Dylan Thomas, Quite Early One Morning. New Directions, 1954)Consonance in Rap LyricsConsonance  is quite often employed in rap, whether to underscore rhyme or to offer a kind of rhyme substitute. Lauryn Hills lines from the Fugees Zealots show consonance at work alongside rhyme:Rap rejects my tape deck, ejects projectileWhether Jew or Gentile, I rank top percentile,Many styles, More powerful than gamma raysMy grammar pays, like Carlos Santana playsConsonance with one sound (eck) shifts to multisyllable rhymes with another sound (projectile, Gentile, percentile) and then another (gamma rays, grammar pays, Santana plays). The result is as intricate as it is effortless.(Adam Bradley, Book of Rhymes: The Poetics of Hip Hop. BasicCivitas, 2009) Seamus Heaneys Use of Consonance[In Seamus Heaneys poem Oceans Love to Ireland] the plosives i and k also serve to slow our reading, as do the alliteration and consonance of the bs and ds that begin here and continue in the second through fifth lines:Ralegh has backed the maid to a tree As Irelan d is backed to EnglandAnd drives inlandTill all her strands are breathless.We picture a deliberate, proud, unfrenzied man using language and physical strength to overpower the maid.(Karen Marguerite Moloney, Seamus Heaney and the Emblems of Hope, University of Missouri Press, 2007) Pronunciation KON-se-nens Also Known As Half rhyme, slant rhyme

Roman Fever essays

Roman Fever essays It is generally believed that sentimentality is something not to be played with. Love is like fire, play with it and you will get burnt some day. On the other hand, it is also assume that the higher the climb, the heavier the fall. More than often, the weapon you use to harm others turns back to hurt you. Long-standing friends do not mean that they are entirely sincere to each other. A person has his/her own self, own personality which always aims at victory and superiority over other people. The two women in their young age love the same man, or at least want him to marry them, a certain Delphin. But of course only one succeeds: Alida, but with a trick, with which Alida wants to crush her friend Grace because shes always a woman with a passion of winning her opponents. She writes a letter to Grace taking Delphins name, telling Grace to come out in the dark to see Delphin, of course without Delphin knowing it. The cold atmosphere at night could make Grace sick. This fever, together with her failure to meet Delphin generates Alidas complete victory, she thinks. But as it turns out later to be her entire failure. Receiving the letter supposedly written by Delphin, Grace writes back to him and they meet afterward. That is beyond Alidas plot. The story may end here, but Whartons technical skill leads us to another trick to make the surprise to Alida complete. That is also her complete failure: Barbara, a child born of Delphin and Graces love affair. Mrs. Slades well-assumed superiority over Mrs. Ansley is impossible for her to endure the paradox: her daughter Jenny is an angel, not as brilliant a girl as Ansleys Barbara. Mrs. Slades greatest mistake is to write a letter ton Ansley. Only an escape literature story, it is made interesting and attractive with a simple plot. The plot and characters move by themselves without the authors intervention. The structure of...

WWI and WWII essays

WWI and WWII essays I am sure that everyone can agree that war is a terrible thing. Even so, wars are very complex and interesting. There are many facets that one can explore about wars. For instance, one is the similarities and differences of the causes of World War I and World War II.. Another interesting thing to talk about when you think of wars would be all the different countries involved, belligerent or peaceful. Probably the final thing that you should compare and contrast would be how each of the wars ended. There was one major event that primarily led to the start of WWI. This event was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, who was the nephew of the current Emperor of the Austrian empire and therefore was heir to the throne. The archduke and his wife were shot and killed by Gavrilo Princip in the middle of a parade, who was a member of the Black Hand. The Black Hand was an organization whose goal was to unite all Serbs under one government. As a result of the assassinations, on July 28th the Austria-Hungary empire declared against Serbia. One by one, countries were pulled in due to the alliance system. There were also many reasons that led to the beginning of WWII. A few of these reasons were the Great Depression, the rise of nationalism, and the emergence of leaders such as Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini. The main reason war broke out in Europe was that on September 1, 1939 Germany invaded Poland. The war for the United States didnt begin until Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. So, I think that it is easy to say that there were many more reasons for the start of WWII than for WWI. Many countries were involved in both of these hellish wars. Most of the countries that took part in WWI were also in WWII. There were two powers in WWI. The first power was called the Central Powers which consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire. The other power was called the Alli...

Socially Responsible Companies in Europe Research Paper - 1

Socially Responsible Companies in Europe - Research Paper Example The paper tells that many companies in various continents treat corporate social responsibility as a key aspect of their company survival technique. It has evolved from being a value-added concept of management to on being among the key concepts. This is because consumers evaluate theirs produces depending on how friendly they are to the environment and their conformance to most of the international laws that business ethics demand be met. Many European companies are among the leading socially responsible companies in the present society. This is true because Europe gets ranked as one of the greatest markets in the world. For this reason, the companies that operate in this zone must be willing to impress their consumers. The FTSE index provides the best tool in monitoring corporate socially responsible companies, in Europe, and the remaining parts of the world. The reshuffle of leading global responsible investment index series provides information on the companies that have adhered to environmental and social laws in the internal business arena. Companies get to fluctuate from one position to another because social laws change daily, and an organization will not be able to conform to each and every that is passed. In addition, not all corporate laws are universal. One of the most common companies that are socially responsible in Europe is Microsoft Europe. This is a company that was invented by Bill Gates and Paul Allen way back in 1975 and has since with co-operation with other companies revolutionized the software computing industry. As a software company, Microsoft does not face common responsibility in terms of social and environmental laws like other production companies. This is because it does not pollute the environment or utilize much of its resources. Despite this, social responsibility has been key to the company because it has since been expanding into different countries that harbor different social values. Microsoft has also been aware of the sec urity issue their customers get to face on the internet, hence introducing free protective softwares such as windows defender. They have also included a vast number of language packs for their software users, hence allowing their products to be used by almost everybody in the world.

Risk Assessment Process Evaluation Dissertation

Risk Assessment Process Evaluation - Dissertation Example During the process of coming up with a good risk management plan one always thinks of ways to create better opportunities for their organization to strive so as to minimize risk, thus improving their organizations indirectly as they come up with ways of preventing potential risk (United States Congress House Committee on science, space, and technology, 1991, 39).Weaknesses One major weakness about the risk management planning process is that people only do it once at the beginning and assume that once they have covered the process their job is done and that any occurrence of future risk was unforeseeable. Thus, they relax on their job after they complete the first risk management process not knowing that it is continuous. If the risk management process is not done well it may fail to work as it may misguide the user on risks that are not relevant to his or her organization, thus this process should be done with a lot of care and precision and all steps should be followed to the lette r. Another weakness is that the risk management process cannot capture all risks that might affect an organization and trying to achieve such a goal is a waste of time because it is impossible. Challenges faced while coming up with the Risk Management Planning Process While coming up with the risk management process we encountered various challenges or rather difficulties that affected us. We had to come up with various strategies to overcome them. The following are the challenges we encountered and how we strategized to overcome them.

Assignment Questions Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Assignment Questions - Case Study Example The coefficient of population does not in any way affect any other coefficient or be affected. What we can derive from the population coefficient is that 3.48 is stronger tham 2.0 and 5.5 is stronger than 3.48. Current accounting information is sufficient. Cost of production of the items varies but there is cost that is associated to unused capacity in the firm. If Einstein Inc. decides to stop production of Product to the unused capacity in the factory such as space, engineers and production managers will have extra cost on the produced products. To avoid the extra cost from unused capacity the firm would have to sell more items from the items that are performing or to release the resources that would carry this extra cost such as retrenching managers involved in production of product 2 The period under which the economy heats up will require extra resources to produce product 1 and 4 to the maximum output. The information given in above is not enough to make a decision on how much is maximum output as there resources need to produce any of the products is not included. In calculating the maximum output for product 1 and 4 the firm needs to measure the maximum output of its resources (lumpiness of capacity). They need to establish the maximum capacity they can handle and factor it. The will also need to calculate the cost per unit during the maximum period considering the cost or unused capacity of product 2 and 5 and the limited capacity for product 3. Determining the unit cost of the product will enable the firm to calculate the maximum number of products they can produce for product 1 and 4 and take care of the unused capacity of other products also the firm will need to consider capacity product 3 which might increase the cost of production if the volumes reduce. The information provided is not sufficient, as the cost of production is not separate. While, this is true the focus on products

Website plan for dairy farm (dairy cows) Assignment

Website plan for dairy farm (dairy cows) - Assignment Example This is done through the online platform which includes websites. Other businesses like the sports industry have prospered as well through such platforms. In the current economy and business world, most of the advertising and marketing procedures are done online through websites. Besides being a cheaper marketing alternative, this method is also very efficient in that it reaches a wider number of people. Most of the people are actively logging in and staying on online platforms than on the normal media like TVs. This makes use of internet and websites an appropriate and efficient way of business marketing. This report focusses on the dairy cows business. This business is aimed at breeding the best dairy cattle for the purpose of production and selling milk. The dairy cows have already been purchased and are well taken care of. The cows are bred in a zero grazing architecture and feeds for the cows are purchased in large scale from wholesalers who also offer them at a given discount. The large scale purchase of feeds is a strategy to reduce production cost hence maximising profits. The market for the product (milk) is however a challenge to this business (Eckles, 2011). The marketing strategies currently used involve door to door campaigns, liaisons with daily products companies and advertising through posters which is a relatively expensive and less efficient method. The competitive factor for this business is that it is a large scale production hence much recognized by the general public and acquaintances than the other local milk producers. Distribution of dairy products from this b usiness is done by agents who operate on motorbikes and some even use cars. Extra services to customers like door delivery makes this business a more preferred choice to its customers. It is for this reason that the company wants to increase its coverage by embracing the powerful online marketing and business operation platform (Pride, Hughes, &

Nursing Care and Rationale Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Nursing Care and Rationale - Essay Example As the discussion declares ischemia has four different stokes. In ischemia, blood fails to reach some parts of the brain. In hemorrhagic, bleeding or hemorrhage occurs into the brain or in the fluid near the brain. As explained by Dawes, et at. in brain ischemia, the flow of blood to some part of the brain stops, thus denying cells in this area adequate oxygen and energy they require. This results in the failure of neurons, which dies when blood flow is not restored soon enough. The brain damage resulting from the deprivation of blood to brain is referred to as ischemic stoke, while the area damaged is known as a brain infarct. Brain ischemia normally develops suddenly, and in many cases it occurs in the morning. Ischemia symptoms varies depending on the part of the brain that affected by not receiving blood. At times, an individual will suffer from vision loss either in both eyes or in one eye. A person could as well feel weakness or reduced senses in the leg, hard, arm and face on one side or on both sides, or the person could have difficulties in walking. Other symptoms include dementia, amnesias, and difficulties in speaking, reading or writing. These symptoms can as well differ in severity and duration. Mrs. Hive, who has an ischemic stroke, will have to undergo through three types of therapy that aim at restoring her normal heath conditions. The first one is physical therapy that has a great concern on regaining gross motor deficits.

Website plan for dairy farm (dairy cows) Assignment

Website plan for dairy farm (dairy cows) - Assignment Example This is done through the online platform which includes websites. Other businesses like the sports industry have prospered as well through such platforms. In the current economy and business world, most of the advertising and marketing procedures are done online through websites. Besides being a cheaper marketing alternative, this method is also very efficient in that it reaches a wider number of people. Most of the people are actively logging in and staying on online platforms than on the normal media like TVs. This makes use of internet and websites an appropriate and efficient way of business marketing. This report focusses on the dairy cows business. This business is aimed at breeding the best dairy cattle for the purpose of production and selling milk. The dairy cows have already been purchased and are well taken care of. The cows are bred in a zero grazing architecture and feeds for the cows are purchased in large scale from wholesalers who also offer them at a given discount. The large scale purchase of feeds is a strategy to reduce production cost hence maximising profits. The market for the product (milk) is however a challenge to this business (Eckles, 2011). The marketing strategies currently used involve door to door campaigns, liaisons with daily products companies and advertising through posters which is a relatively expensive and less efficient method. The competitive factor for this business is that it is a large scale production hence much recognized by the general public and acquaintances than the other local milk producers. Distribution of dairy products from this b usiness is done by agents who operate on motorbikes and some even use cars. Extra services to customers like door delivery makes this business a more preferred choice to its customers. It is for this reason that the company wants to increase its coverage by embracing the powerful online marketing and business operation platform (Pride, Hughes, &

New Pedestrianism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

New Pedestrianism - Research Paper Example The new urbanism approach’s ability to attain these goals of sustainability at the same time is its greatest strength. New Urbanism and its Principles For a long time, urban sprawl that is dependent on cars has been criticized due to its contribution to social isolation, degradation of the environment, and long term financial un-sustainability. Architects, beginning in the early 80s, started to fight this sprawl through new urbanism with significant developments coming up alongside the concept’s principles3. These neighborhoods started to take on a European and pre-war urban model, often resembling typical small towns or earlier inner city neighborhoods. For this reason, these neighborhoods are usually referred to as TNDs, or traditional neighborhood developments. These neighborhoods are built on several fundamental planning principles. The first fundamental planning principle of new urbanism is mixing of uses with institutional, civic, and commercial spaces located in community corridors, as well as centers, which are surrounded by close-by housing that provides service and job access sans use of cars4. This normally takes on the form of a town square or main street. The second fundamental planning principle is diversity. Urban sprawl can lead to separation of the populace by the level of their income. New urbanism seeks to provide for various housing in one area that range from high to low cost5. It is possible to accomplish this through townhouses, detached one-family homes, and mixed apartments in one neighborhood. This also promotes affordable housing inclusion. The third fundamental principle of new urbanism is that it should encourage walking6. This comes with increased benefits to the community and environment, while also creating supportive social networks through daily interactions with fellow local acquaintances and neighbors. The concept encourages those living in these neighborhoods to walk through a mixing of uses, while also making sure that there are plentiful and wide sidewalks with well designed streetscape, minimization of curb cuts, and compact blocks. Mass transit and bicycling connect pedestrians with other areas within the larger urban region and are, thus, important as well. The fourth fundamental planning principle of new urbanism is definition of public space7. Streets are normally considered as space that is vital for public life and are important for the occurrence of daily interactions of the community. To make the area attractive, landscaping, lighting, and materials must be detailed carefully. New urbanism also holds public squares and parks in high esteem. The fifth and final fundamental planning principle of new urbanism is complimentary architecture8. Public space is defined by the private property facades that abut it and new urbanism takes into account the importance of a street wall that is strongly defined by close-up and attractive buildings that offer spaces and services. Houses in tra ditional neighborhood developments are normally close to the streets, while they are built on lines in downtown areas. Because of the importance of public interaction in new urbanism, front porches are a common feature. Majority of traditional neigh

Reality TV Essay Example for Free

Reality TV Essay Reality TV is something that you are seeing more of today. Reality television is when people or celebrities are filmed living there normal everyday lives and are undertaking specific challenges (Farlex Inc., 2012). Reality television attracts many viewers and has become more popular over the past few years. Some shows you may have even heard of are the shows known as 16 and pregnant, Jersey Shore, Hoarders, and extreme couponing. These are all examples of some very popular realty television shows that are aired regularly. Some shows like â€Å"Teen Mom† or â€Å"16 and pregnant† focus on teenagers that become pregnant and the struggles they are facing as a teenager with a child. These shows are to focus on the consequences of having unprotected sex but sometimes they are viewed as rewarding teen pregnancy. The shows like â€Å"Hoarders† are based on families who have a problem with not throwing anything way which in turn causes clutter and a big mess. So they have people come out and help the people get rid of unneeded stuff and choose healthier habits and make it so they are living in a better environment. Now â€Å"Extreme Couponing’s† is about people who gather tons of coupons and buy things at the store very cheap. This show has definitely set a trend, because of this show you see more people in lines at stores with a whole book of coupons. This show has shown people how to walk out the store with ten items for 5 cents. Some examples of why these shows may be popular are because they are exciting ,and they are similar to what life is really like. Reality TV is not some fantasy or unrealistic show we like to watch and wish our life was like theirs. Instead reality television is something we watch  and think wow that is crazy, that person is crazy. Some of the stuff you see on these television shows is outrageous and it allows us to feel more comfortable with the things we do in our daily lives. When you see a whole bunch of teenagers having children or a whole bunch of crazy drunk people it somehow brings you to the realization that maybe your life is not as bad as you thought it was. There are also many other factors in why realty TV shows are so popular. The drama is probably the biggest factor as well as the WOW factor. Many viewers cannot believe that people get paid for filming such things but yet they are stuck to their TV screens watching. Reality television comes in different varieties which is another factor in its popularity, reality TV being so expansive reaches out to a number of different viewers. People interested in partying are able to view people like that as well as there are shows about doctors and about bidding on unknown items. Because there are different shows’ ranging from A-Z it causes more people to watch reality television which enhances reality televisions popularity. Reality television also has endurance, and it has many different personalities, as well as it always keeps it viewers wanting more. These are all superior examples of why reality television is so popular and why it continues to grow. One show that has been really successful on television is â€Å"Jersey Shore†. Jersey Shore has been a very successful and popular realty TV hit because of its drama and the craziness of the characters on the show. Snooki would have to be one of the main characters that have attracted viewers with her bad attitude and her drunken behavior. Let alone how wild and free she acts. All of the characters of â€Å"Jersey Shore† have their own personalities and occasionally watching them clash and the craziness that follows all these young people becomes very entertaining. Seeing them argue, cry, party, and laugh with each other is plenty of the reason for why it has become such a popular show. â€Å"Jersey Shore† gives their viewers the entertainment they are looking for. Reality television is becoming more successful and television producers are making investments on reality television. Some reason  television producers would invest in reality television is because it is cheaper than hiring actors and creating a television show. With reality television all you have to do is hire people and record their behavior and everyday life. Some of the script is probably written but there are many of things about reality TV that is not written into script and that causes for more entertainment. Other reasons producers are interested in investing in reality TV is because it does bring in good profits. People watch reality TV and it receives hits. Realty television brings money in because it is entertaining and viewers continue to watch, which brings rating on shows up and the producers get paid very decent money for investing in these shows. Some of the similarities between dramas and sitcoms are that they both bring in viewers. Drama is a lot of what is seen in sitcoms as well which makes them similar. Drama is different emotions and sitcoms are filled with different emotions and that is part of the reason for why they are so popular. Everybody enjoys a good laugh, a good fight, and you know it is good if it brings a tear to your eye every so often. This is entertainment and this is what dramas and sitcoms are all about. The differences between sit coms and dramas are the way they are presented. Dramas are well planned scripted productions. It takes more time and money to air a television drama then what it does to air a sit com. Sit coms are more or less people being hired just to put a camera in their face to be filmed doing whatever they do. Sometimes sit coms have scripts as well but there are made to appear non scripted and are made to seem realistic. Dramas take more time and planning then sit coms and seem more picture perfect then sit coms. There are many reasons for why reality television is so popular and why producers would invest in it. There are many shows that catch viewer’s eyes daily and raise the ratings of these shows which make realty TV even more popular. Reality TV as said before has many different personalities; it has variety, and endurance all of which builds on its popularity. Realty television is like an escape from reality and allows you to view your life in a different way because the stuff you view on  television sometimes can seem so much more outrageous then what you are used to. That is why realty television is so popular and why realty television continues to grow and become more popular over time, it is filled with what viewers like you want to keep you coming back for more. what makes reality TV so popular www.dishtv.com WWW.FREEDICTIONARY.COM/ reality+ show farlex 2012 www.ew.com entertainment weekly www.insidetv.com 2012 www.answers.yahoo.com 2012

Development of a Business

Development of a Business Executive summary The proposed business will be a Production business named as â€Å"Sangay Tissue† in production and sales of tissue papers under sole proprietorship. The business is to be set up at Bjimina in Thimphu at Bjimina as the location for main production and supply site for the business and there are more population and ease of transportation and communication to other regions. The business will produce soft tissue which is durable compared to the existing tissue and which is not yet produced by anyone in the country. SANGAY TISSUE will provide quality tissue at a very reasonable price than the existing tissue, which is imported from India and Thailand. The proposed business is to provide full satisfaction to the customers and meet their needs by providing high quality, and cost-effective product. The mission of the business is to have â€Å"Continuous improvement in products and services to meet the customers’ needs†. Generally the customers are divided into three categories and they are heavy users like hotels, restaurants, resorts and canteen which will be mainly focused by the business. Light users like high income earners will also be focused as they use it in their residents. The business will also target and encourage remote people to use the product but not forgetting the individual customers who use tissue. Being a monopoly firm, almost all the Dzongkhag where there are more numbers of hotels, restaurants, resorts and canteen are targeted. However, initially, Thimphu, Paro, Punakha and Phuntsholing will be the most targeted areas to sell the product, since large number of hotels and restaurants are running well in these places. Marketing strategy of the proposed business is to emphasize the quality of tissue paper and to keep the price as much as low to increase the sales volume and receive repeated customers. To get into international market and to use the resources available is the firm’s target, working towards achieving it is the firm’s patience, gaining fame and goodwill for the business is the firm’s destiny and keeping up with the same or in fact better, is the firm’s continuous vision.With the business philosophy, given integration of inputs, the first priority, taking into account is the customers satisfaction and with continuous innovations, SANGAY TISSUE hopes to establish long term and steady business relations with most purchaser from home and abroad and seek mutual development. Project Profile Proposed Business Name SANGAY TISSUE Proposed Business Type Production(sole proprietorship) Proposed Financing Nu. 20,00,000/- Sangay tissue’s Vision To get into international market and to use the resources available is the firm’s target, working towards achieving it is the firm’s patience, gaining fame and goodwill for the business is the firm’s destiny and keeping up with the same or in fact better, is the firm’s continuous vision. Mission The proposed business is to provide full satisfaction to the customers and meet their needs by providing high quality, and cost-effective product. The business mission is to have â€Å"Continuous improvement in products and services to meet the customers’ needs.† The following are also the missions of the business beside the mentioned one: After the few years from the day of the establishment, to produce different sizes of tissue in different design as per the desire of the customers, to meet their requirements. To make efficient and effective use of the resources available without causing any harm to the environment. Objectives The main objective of the project will be aimed towards self-sufficiency and independent which is one of the pillar of GNH and rather than relying and depending on other country for such a small product like tissue. Besides there are objectives as follows: Human objectives: To create employment opportunity for those who are unemployed. To help employees in gaining experiences and skills. Economic objectives: To reduce import in the country, this is likely to make the balance of trade favorable, thereby increasing the national income in the economy. To mobilize the available resources. Keys to Success 1. Project location Since it is located in the capital of Bhutan, it is expected to be very suitable for the business where the business can have easy and direct access to get the raw materials. The chosen location is also expected to bear the following advantages to run the business efficiently and successfully: The business can get the Bhutanese laborers easily at cheaper rate since there are many local places where there are many native people who are unemployed. 2. Competition There is no existing tissue company in the country till now but import of the similar product from the nearby countries is in fact a competition. So the competitor as such allows the business to upgrade or improve the product. 3. Availability of resources The resources for the tissue making are unwanted waste of books or paper from offices and schools and the forest (woods) which are easily available in the country. So the business need not worry about the availability of the resources (raw materials). It can be obtained easily at cheaper rate. Since the TEE PEE business is more focusing on recycling the paper waste, this can be the competitive advantage of the business. 4. Availability of labor As the proposed business firm will be located at the capital it will be easy to get labor at a cheaper rate since there are many constructions taking place in Thimphu so it will be easy to get labor. 5. Low selling price The business is planning to sell its product at a low price compared to the competitors since the business don’t spent more money on the raw materials because the materials for the tissue production are easily achieved and the labor are also easily available in the capital (business location). SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Advanced tools, equipments and Machine. Location of the Business. Weaknesses Lack of sufficient business information and research. Difficult to familiarize the brand name of the product. Initially, the business cannot produce variety of tissues in terms of style and design. Opportunities Can sell the product throughout the country. Can easily find the regular customer. Good labor supply. No competition. Availability of resources at cheaper price. Threats Competitor may arise. May lead to price war after existence of competitor. Forest rule and regulation. 1. Strengths Advanced tools, equipments and machine. Since the production is comprised of quite long procedure for which each machine is allocated for doing each work, these will make task easier and job gets done quickly and efficiently which will reduce manual work. Following such quality process will not only lead to mass production but it will also lead to division of work and so possibility of specialization, which will increase workers productivity. Location of Our Business. As the location is going to be located at the capital, the working atmosphere will be suitable since there will be ease of raw material and consumer. The place is very suitable because we can get raw materials nearby where the business need not have to bear much transporting charges. The business can get skillful labors from that region since people of that region have already got work experience. 2. Weaknesses Lack of sufficient business information and research. Since the proposed business is the first firm producing tissue in the country, the business doesn’t have any reference to look at the existing firm’s experience. Lack of information and experience can makes the business less confident in decision making and investment. Therefore, the business has to do lots of research to test itself which requires some investment, involving higher risk in leading to unproductive result. Difficult to familiarize brand name of our product. Even though the business is a monopoly in producing tissue, the business cannot differentiate the product from existing firm, since the business has to use same machine. Initially, the business cannot produce variety of tissue in terms of design and style. 3. Opportunities Can sell our product throughout the country. Being a monopoly business, the firm can sell its product throughout the country. And in every Part of the country where there are restaurants and hotels, where the business can supply the product to them. The business can easily find regular customers. No competitors. Being a monopoly firm there will be no competition in the market unless new firm arises. So the business can win over the full share of the market for the product, therefore continuous mass production is possible. 4. Threats Competitors may arise. Since resources are available and after studying the firm’s new competitors may arise with new innovative and improve product and compete with the business in the market. Operational Plan for SANGAY TISSUE is as follows: 1. Equipment Si. No. Description 1 Pulper 2 Breaker 3 Beater / refiner 4 Washer 5 Refining equipment 6 De-flaking equipment 7 Screen 8 Cleaners 9 Four drainer machine 10 Head box or flow-box 11 Press 12 Dryer 13 Reeling, winding and sheeting equipment, 14 Handling equipment 15 Size press Machine 16 Cutting machine 17 Laboratory equipment 18 Auxiliary equipment 19 Boiler Capital items Cost in Nu. Machine Set (15,00,000+20% tax) 18,00,000 Computer and printer 20,000 Furniture, fittings and fixture -Table (3) 3000 -Chair (6) 4200 -Curtains 3000 Telephone (2) 4000 Modem 2000 Total 18,36,200 3. Tissue paper production process The raw materials (waste paper, waste cartoon, recycled paper) can be easily obtained from everywhere within Thimphu or other Dzongkhags. The intended business can obtain the waste paper or books from schools and offices, waste cartoon and other papers (Kuensel, newspaper, etc) from shops or resident. In order to convert the raw material into finished product a set of tissue paper machine is required which is the main and the basic asset of the business. So the proposed business will import all the materials needed from china as china deals in these tissue making machineries at an affordable price. The glue and the chemical needed will be purchased from India. As the proposed business is a partnership business with 5 partners, each partner will contribute some amounts and the rest will be taken loan from the bank. So basically the key supplier of all the machineries required will be China, India and the supplier of finance will be the five partners and the bank. Whereas the suppliers of raw materials would be the schools, shops, households and offices. The whole set of tissue production machineries will be purchased from Zhengzhou city Henam, China. One of the company officials can either go there or buy machineries or the company will deliver the machine within 30 days after fulfilling certain criteria which is much cheaper compared to the first option. About the glue and the chemical, it can be easily purchased from India. Diagrammatic representation of the whole process Firstly the raw materials for the proposed business are paper waste which will be easily available from schools, shops, household and offices. Paper waste includes books (text books, note books, magazines, etc), papers (newspapers, Kuensels, etc) and cartoon boxes which are useless. The second process is to collect them from the places mentioned above. These materials are also transported from different Dzongkhags to help keep environment clean and then the materials collected will be sorted out. The third process would be to clean the materials and recycle them to use for the next process. The fourth process will be to make the cleaned and recycled materials into pulp by using the chemicals and the glue. In the next process the pulp will be the raw material for the production process and it will go through various machines. There will be some more process namely, coloring the tissue into various colors and then the tissue will be cut into different sizes (refer appendix 1.ii) and this process will give the final output. SANGAY TISSUE will be produced as the finished good. After achieving the final product the tissue paper will be distributed to the customers such as shops, restaurants, hotels and individuals. It will be made known to the customers through advertisement on local channels, newspaper and internet where the business will create its own account or web page. Market analysis for SANGAY TISSUE Product description. Types of tissues. The types of tissues that SANGAY TISSUE will be producing are: Napkin (which will be mostly used by hotels and canteens) Toilet paper roll. Wet tissue (which will be produced in future) Types of packaging. Colour. Description/quantity Small Pink, White, Light blue, Yellow. The small package will contain 6 Number of toilet paper roll.(3 ply roll) Medium Pink, White, Light blue, Yellow. The medium package will contain 12 Numbers of toilet paper roll.(3 ply roll) Large Pink, white, Light blue, Yellow. The large package will contain 24 Numbers of toilet paper roll.(3 ply roll) The reason behind producing this particular product are: To use the waste paper in an efficient way. To reduce import and increase the export. To give value addition to the waste papers. To maintain healthy environment. 2) Target market SANGAY TISSUE production firm will be focusing 30% on hotels and 30% on restaurant as well. It is because more number of tissue paper is used by these two sectors. At present there are more number of hotels and restaurants in different Dzongkhags, in future there seem to be more restaurants and hotels coming up so that is why the business will sell 60% of its total product to restaurants and hotels. Another reason for selling more than half of the product to restaurants and hotels is that the amount of tissue is imported more by these sectors and the business’s target sectors are restaurants and hotels. 25% of the product will be available in the shops particularly in those Dzongkhags where there are more restaurants and hotels. From the shop anyone who wants to buy tissue paper can easily get it. Shops would be one of the channels of the proposed business to sell its product to the customers. 3) Competitive analysis The proposed business has many indirect competitors of tissue product that are imported from different countries (such as India, Thailand, China and etc) with price ranging from 25 to 55 and it is also available in different colors. The raw materials used by SANGAY TISSUE is the waste papers so therefore another indirect competitor can be the use of waste papers by the shopkeeper for the purpose of raping doma, the rural people using waste paper for sanitary purpose and the Greenery way using the waste materials for the recycling purposes. Marketing strategies 1. Product SANGAY TISSUE’s tissue paper will be eco-friendly tissue paper. This product will have no harm on the eco system since it will be entirely made by using waste paper so there is no cutting down of forest and moreover the raw materials used are the waste papers. There will be reduction in environment pollution because the proposed business will be making good use of all the waste papers. 2. Promotion In order to make SANGAY TEE PEE’s tissue paper known to the general public, the business will be distributing pamphlets to the people and the business will hire some dancers from the dance academy and attract many people through this process. At the end of the dance the employees of the business will distribute free samples to the people. The business will even advertise its product in the local channels. There will be a website created under the business’s name so that if anyone is interested in buying online, they can just contact the concerned people through it and get the product. There will also be free gifts provided when buying in bulk such as if anyone buys the large packet there will be a small packet free with it. 3. Place The product will be available from the retailers, wholesalers and shops. It will be available online on the company’s web site if the company generates sufficient revenue to diversify its operations efficiency. The business will also be selling the product directly to the customers. 4. Price The business will be demand oriented and competition oriented. The business will give more importance to the customer and focus on consumer taste and preferences. The business will use other competitors as a bench mark to fix the price of the product and will follow the pricing strategy of the competitors. 5. Exit strategy There is no guarantee that a business will be a success. If ever the proposed business fails or is not successful then the business will be liquidated in order to pay back the suppliers and the banks. The machineries will be sold to other production company who are carrying out the same production or the company will give the machineries in rent on monthly or yearly basis. The proposed business’s slogan Conclusion Since the intended business is operating within the country there will be creation of job opportunities for the Bhutanese people. By setting up of such business there will be reduction of import and the business can supply the product to the border area of India, which will help the government to generate the revenue. The resources for making tissues are unwanted waste of books or paper from offices and schools. There will be reduction in environment pollution because the proposed business will be making good use of all the waste papers. The business is focusing on recycling the waste paper and giving additional value to the waste which can be the competitive advantage for the business. The Product will have no harm on the eco system since it will be entirely made by using waste paper and won’t cut a single tree. So therefore due to this there are chances that the government may support the intended business like greener way company. The intended business has every opportunity to grow and expand in the future the company will tend to continue and expand with the team spirit and loyalty to customers with the quality product that the business is launching in the market. The product will give full satisfaction as it will satisfy the customers in matters of color, size, brand, technology and quality.

How pH Affects the Break Down of Starch by the Enzyme Amylase Essay

How pH Affects the Break Down of Starch by the Enzyme Amylase Hypothesis: The optimum pH for the reaction of starch with amylase is pH 7. PH values lower or higher than this value will result in a slower rate of reaction. Amylase works in the range pH 3 to pH 11. Biological Knowledge ==================== PH changes affect the structure of an enzyme molecule and therefore affect its ability to bind with its substrate molecules. Changes in pH affect the ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds that hold the enzyme together, which naturally affects the rate of reaction of the enzyme with the substrate. On top if this, the hydrogen ions neutralise the negative charges of the R groups in the active site so that the substrate and the active site do not attract and therefore do not react. The optimum pH for most enzymes is pH7. In the body, amylase works mainly in the small intestines, where the acidity from the stomach has been neutralised by the hydrogencarbonate ions in the pancreatic juices secreted by the pancreas. Therefore, it follows that if amylase were adapted well to the surroundings which it is found most commonly at, it would work best in neutral conditions, which is pH 7. To allow for fluctuations in pH, amylase would need to work from around pH 3 to pH 11. Apparatus Apparatus Reason/Reference to pilot study Colorimeter Values can be obtained measuring the breakdown of starch, instead of just the colour when the iodine solution is added. If not much starch is broken down, iodine will colour it blue/black so a low % Transmission will be obtained. If a large volume of starch broken down, iodi... ...ially used 3 cm ³ of distilled water with 3 drops of iodine. It then occurred to me that this was inaccurate, as amylase solution is cloudy. Therefore, I blanked it with 2 cm ³ water, 1 cm ³ amylase and 3 drops of iodine. I decided to experiment with pHs within the range pH 2 to pH7, as I discovered that pH 4 is the optimum pH, instead of my predicted pH7. Risk Assessment  · Wear goggles to protect eyes from iodine solution  · If spilt on clothes or skin, wash with water to prevent harm to the body  · Keep iodine bottle away from edge of table to prevent injury from broken glassware Ethical Implications The amylase solution is taken from an animal. The owner of the animal must permit this act. The animal's body must be paid respect when the enzymes are removed so must therefore be treated carefully.

Much of Christina Rossetti’s poetry has a very depressing and rather :: English Literature

Much of Christina Rossetti’s poetry has a very depressing and rather sombre tone, which can be sometimes used to infer the way in which she viewed life and times, which she was living in. However, despite this sombre theme throughout her poetry it can ... Much of Christina Rossetti’s poetry has a very depressing and rather sombre tone, which can be sometimes used to infer the way in which she viewed life and times, which she was living in. However, despite this sombre theme throughout her poetry it can be argued that it was not only her life that influenced her poetry but also the time in which shewas living. Many historians have suggested that the era in which Rossetti lived was a rather ‘bad’ time, the second half of the nineteenth century was a rather strange period and the Pre-Raphaelite Movement made quite an artistic group. The Pre-Raphaelites, being young, talented, and having many ideas of their own, felt stifled by the rigidity of the Royal Academy's idea of what tasteful, beautiful art should be. The PRB held the haughty belief that the only true great art came from before the 16th century Italian painter, Raphael (hence the society's name). Raphael represented high renaissance, a time when painters, instead of letting their subjects dictate their qualities to the artist, would manipulate the subject into their own ideal of beauty. Thus, all realism was lost. The PRB, with full spirit, denounced this art of idealization, and led the way to produce works based on real landscapes and real models, and paid intense attention to accuracy of detail and color William Holman Hunt, D.G. Rossetti, John Everett Millais, William Michael Rossetti, James Collinson, Thomas Woolner and F.G. Stephens founded the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (PRB) in 1849. In some ways it was an impulsive venture, the PRB aimed to produce works that were innovative in style and substance, and expressive of direct, sincere feeling. And behind this lay the persistent ambition to be noticed and ‘make a name’. As well as painting, they were also committed to the literary arts, and nearly all the PRBs wrote poetry. These painters had a specific agenda. Instead of painting the typical still-lifes, landscapes and seascapes, they drew their subject matters from medieval tales, bible stories, classical mythology, and nature. Using bright colors on a white background, the artists were able to achieve great depth and brilliance.Although some of Christina Rossetti’s earliest versese were published in The Germ, a magazine produced for a short time by the Pre-Raphaelites, and she sat as a model for several of Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s paintings, she was not

Peregrine Falcon

Introduction: Found among all continents except Antarctica, the Peregrine falcon is a common falcon throughout the globe. When they hunt, they dive from high altitudes and stoop their prey at speeds over 200 miles per hour, making it the fastest animal on the planet. The name â€Å"peregrine† falcon means wanderer and refers to the bird’s long migration path, which has been known to be as far away as 15,500 miles from their original nesting spots. After having a severe drop in Peregrine population during the 1960s and 1970s, this majestic falcon has made a comeback and can be seen throughout many suburban and urban areas of North America. Interesting Facts: * The Peregrine Falcon is on the featured on the Idaho quarter issued in 2007 * Suzuki named the company’s fastest production model, Hayabusa, after the Peregrine Falcon. Hayabusa means Peregrine Falcon in Japanese * Peregrine falcons don’t build nests. They scrape a depression into the soil on the ground or on a ledge, or an abandoned nest that was left behind Map of Region Peregrine Falcon Duck Hawk, Great-Footed Hawk, Wandering Falcon Falco Peregrinus Fact Sheet: * Size: * Body- 14-19 in. * Wingspan- 3. 3-3. 6 ft. * Weight- 18. 8 to 56. 5 oz. * Diet- Starlings, pigeons, blackbirds, jays, shorebirds, waterfowl, bats, and other small mammals * Reproduction: * Number of eggs- 3-4 * Mate once a year * Same partner for life * Nest location- Cliffs or tall buildings * Return to the same spot annually * Name for chicks- eyases * Chicks fledge 42 to 46 days * Time dependent on their parents- Up to 2 months Habitat-All continents except Antarctica * Life span- Up to 17 years Bibliography: * http://www. discoverycove. org/animal-info/animal-bytes/animalia/eumetazoa/coelomates/deuterostomes/chordata/craniata/aves/falconiformes/peregrine-falcon. htm * http://ohiodnr. com/wildlife/dow/falcons/facts. aspx * http://www. raptorresource. org/facts. htm * http://animals. nationalgeographic. com/animals/birds/peregrine-falcon. html * http://www. peregrinef und. org/explore_raptors/falcons/peregrin. html * http://www. allaboutbirds. org/guide/Peregrine_Falcon/lifehistory#at_food

Business: Marketing and Subway

1. 0 ELEMENTS OF THE MARKETING MIX 1. 0. 1 PRODUCT Subway offered a menu with wide variety meal and better quality fresh product such as pasta, salad, desserts, soup, the chain's flagship sandwich which is the classic BMT, the 7 under 6 menu which featuring seven submarine sandwiches with 6 grams of fat or less, fresh veggies which already boasts lettuce, tomato, red onion and green peppers (Subway, 2012). Subway also brings in a line of new crab-controlled wraps in 2004 and the product itself has only 5grams Net Crabs.Moreover, in the year 2005, a new menu has been added to Subway’s menu that is a delicious fresh toasted sub and the menu still in consumer demand until now. 1. 0. 2 PRICING The potential element of marketing mix is the price of the company offered because it is direct impact on the company, consumer and economy as well. Subway uses a little higher of upscale pricing than normal subs in the market. Subway offers different pricing strategy with value pricing. But create value products by service in terms of quality. 1. 0. 3 PLACEThis is concerned with activities needed to move the product or service from the seller to the buyer (Lancaster & Reynolds, 2003). Subway use nontraditional places such as supermarkets, airports, convention centers and business center and also another new market development as their major selling location as a franchise. People who in any kind of Subway sales point are on hand to ensure customer’s demands are coordinated with the right product and to elucidate the distinct options are obtainable. Moreover, Subway does research for their market on the location preference and predatory franchises regarding customer satisfaction. . 0. 4 PROMOTION Advertising, public relations, personal selling and sales promotions are the four components of promotion. For Subway, to generate a Unique Advertising Proposition (UAP) is obligatory since the company is a part of saturated market. Subway also approach Unique Selling P reposition (USP) into their market strategy by selling subs under 6g of fat. By create a selling proposition that connected with the advertising message with the product, it will engender an advantage in competition. Moreover, it is the goal to create a one-of-the-kind advertising . 0 ELEMENTS OF THE MARKETING MIX 1. 0. 1 PRODUCT Subway offered a menu with wide variety meal and better quality fresh product such as pasta, salad, desserts, soup, the chain's flagship sandwich which is the classic BMT, the 7 under 6 menu which featuring seven submarine sandwiches with 6 grams of fat or less, fresh veggies which already boasts lettuce, tomato, red onion and green peppers (Subway, 2012). Subway also brings in a line of new crab-controlled wraps in 2004 and the product itself has only 5grams Net Crabs.Moreover, in the year 2005, a new menu has been added to Subway’s menu that is a delicious fresh toasted sub and the menu still in consumer demand until now. 1. 0. 2 PRICING The potent ial element of marketing mix is the price of the company offered because it is direct impact on the company, consumer and economy as well. Subway uses a little higher of upscale pricing than normal subs in the market. Subway offers different pricing strategy with value pricing. But create value products by service in terms of quality. 1. 0. 3 PLACEThis is concerned with activities needed to move the product or service from the seller to the buyer (Lancaster & Reynolds, 2003). Subway use nontraditional places such as supermarkets, airports, convention centers and business center and also another new market development as their major selling location as a franchise. People who in any kind of Subway sales point are on hand to ensure customer’s demands are coordinated with the right product and to elucidate the distinct options are obtainable. Moreover, Subway does research for their market on the location preference nd predatory franchises regarding customer satisfaction. 1. 0. 4 PROMOTION Advertising, public relations, personal selling and sales promotions are the four components of promotion. For Subway, to generate a Unique Advertising Proposition (UAP) is obligatory since the company is a part of saturated market. Subway also approach Unique Selling Preposition (USP) into their market strategy by selling subs under 6g of fat. By create a selling proposition that connected with the advertising message with the product, it will engender an advantage in competition.Moreover, it is the goal to create a one-of-the-kind advertising 1. 0 ELEMENTS OF THE MARKETING MIX 1. 0. 1 PRODUCT Subway offered a menu with wide variety meal and better quality fresh product such as pasta, salad, desserts, soup, the chain's flagship sandwich which is the classic BMT, the 7 under 6 menu which featuring seven submarine sandwiches with 6 grams of fat or less, fresh veggies which already boasts lettuce, tomato, red onion and green peppers (Subway, 2012). Subway also brings in a line of new crab-controlled wraps in 2004 and the product itself has only 5grams Net Crabs.Moreover, in the year 2005, a new menu has been added to Subway’s menu that is a delicious fresh toasted sub and the menu still in consumer demand until now. 1. 0. 2 PRICING The potential element of marketing mix is the price of the company offered because it is direct impact on the company, consumer and economy as well. Subway uses a little higher of upscale pricing than normal subs in the market. Subway offers different pricing strategy with value pricing. But create value products by service in terms of quality. 1. 0. 3 PLACEThis is concerned with activities needed to move the product or service from the seller to the buyer (Lancaster & Reynolds, 2003). Subway use nontraditional places such as supermarkets, airports, convention centers and business center and also another new market development as their major selling location as a franchise. People who in any kind of Subway sales poi nt are on hand to ensure customer’s demands are coordinated with the right product and to elucidate the distinct options are obtainable. Moreover, Subway does research for their market on the location preference and predatory franchises regarding customer satisfaction. . 0. 4 PROMOTION Advertising, public relations, personal selling and sales promotions are the four components of promotion. For Subway, to generate a Unique Advertising Proposition (UAP) is obligatory since the company is a part of saturated market. Subway also approach Unique Selling Preposition (USP) into their market strategy by selling subs under 6g of fat. By create a selling proposition that connected with the advertising message with the product, it will engender an advantage in competition. Moreover, it is the goal to create a one-of-the-kind advertising

Summary U.2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary U.2 - Essay Example The most difficult to tackle is the increased dependence on automobiles. Streets are no longer for pedestrian use (Trancik, 1986). Residents do not care to admire communal areas such as parks anymore. Another cause is the attitude brought by the Modern Movement. Elevators and technology caused high-rise buildings to discourage people to engage in a communal existence centered on the street. Also, due to zoning, buildings were constructed considering only function and ignoring human behavior. The privatization of public places does not help. Buildings are designed to attract attention without taking into account spaces around it. Due to this general disregard for the appearance of the city as a whole, minimal investments are reserved for public places (Trancik, 1986). Changes in land use endlessly produce wasted spaces such as vacated buildings, abandoned properties, and obsolete facilities. Probably the biggest dilemma causing lost spaces is the reluctance and lack of ability to control the physical structure of the city. Lost space disrupts the overall continuity of city form. These spaces are inexpensive and are centrally located giving it enormous potential for redevelopment. Redesigning of lost space will generate social benefits which impact more than just economic gain. Rules must be set taking in consideration historic patterns and the evolution of modern space. Understanding and skills have to be developed so that future constructions would better support societal

International Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

International Business - Assignment Example advantages and better marketing position where as many firms have failed in their international expansion efforts as they didn’t heed the basic tenets ingrained in the critical business environments. In today’s increasingly competitive and international free market economy contexts, transnational exchanging of technology, infrastructure and demographic movement have become increasingly important (Johnson and Turner, 2003, p. 1). The ultimate outcome of this growing importance of international business is that a customer, no matter whether he lives in Europe, Asia, Africa or Australia, will be familiar with a large number of world-class brands like Apple, Cadbury, Coca-cola, Dell, Ford, HP, Nestle, Nokia, Toyota and so on. The effect of globalization is that new brands are seemingly born global, For this research paper, Apple Inc- specifically its Smartphone sector- has been chosen to conduct detailed analysis on the literature related to the international business and organizational factors. This research paper presents an analysis on internal and external environment of the chosen organization- Apple Inc and examines its strategies for international marketing in terms of effectiveness and usefulness for its international operation. Apple inc, founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne in the 1970s is one of the most internationally influential and highly successful companies of today. It is an American multinational company that designs, makes and markets PCs, portable music players, cell phones, software, computer peripheral and services. It markets through its own retailing, online stores and third party sellers (Sander and Slatter, 2009, p. 81, Linzmayer, 2004). Apple was the first mainstream marketer for personal computers and is still an important market player worldwide and it has become a niche player by setting the pace for ease of use, innovative design and customer loyalty. Apple’s story is that one off-hobby machines that a most

Influence of Arabic on Spanish language up to the 15th century Essay

Influence of Arabic on Spanish language up to the 15th century - Essay Example This paper will argue the impact of Arabic language on the Spanish language by exploring factors that contributed to the influence. Arab Muslim invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 711 and conquered it. The invasion ended the Visigothic Kingdom. The settlement of the Muslim Arab in the Iberian Peninsula influenced the lifestyle as evident by the immortalisation of the first Muslim general Tariq in the Ar. Gabal, previous referred as Calpe (Beale-Rivaya 9). The activities of Muslim Arab in the peninsula included converting the people of the Peninsular into the Islamic faith. Pharies argues in his book, A Brief History of the Spanish Language, that the presence of the Arabic speakers among the Spanish speakers influenced the language and the culture of the Spanish. Initially, the Spanish people were not Muslim (Penny 2). The Muslim Arabs taught the Islamic religion in Arabic, thus influencing the Spanish language. Penny (2) argues that the nature of influence that Arabic language and activity had to Spanish in the Peninsular of Bipartite nature. That is, the contribution through borrowing of thousand of thousands of wo rds and political perspective that explains how Castilian managed to establish itself in the present day Spain. The dominance of the Arabic language among the Ibero-Romance was probably due to the following factors: first, the Muslim invaders inhabited the Latin speaking population and settled among the Latin speakers for several centuries, second, the forces that invaded the peninsular did not carry their women. Thus, the generation after the settlement of the invaders was a result of mixed marriages. Muslims in the early centuries tolerated their subjects. Scholarship on influence of Arabic language to the Spanish language has mentioned the above aspects as probable factors that promoted the influence of the Arabic language among the Latin speakers (Beale-Rivaya 8). Scholarships that attempt to explain the transmission of the Arabism to the Spanish language have argued that Mozarabic bridged between the Spanish and Arabic (Isabelli 5). Mozarabic is a language that is much closer to the Arabic language. Pharies posits that the Arabic language was the super stratum language in the Andalusia Ro mance and ad stratum to peninsular Romance. This argument believes that the influence of Arabic language did not only occur because of the superiority of the Muslim regime whose official language was Arabic, but also the influence of the other minor communities. Thus, the influence to the language did not only influence the Ibero-Romance but also other communities the felt the influence of the Arabic rule in Andalusia. Historians believe that a superior culture institute its influence through language instruction (Penny 8). The same is must have applied in influencing the language of the Spanish. The influence of the Roman Empire to Andalusia is evident through Italianisms of the Spanish vocabulary during the Renaissance. In the above case, bilingual interaction did not occur between the Italian speaking communities and the Spanish speaking communities. This attribute has influenced some scholars to believe that language borrowing does not only occur in an instance of bilingual inte rac

Leadership and Use of Motivation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership and Use of Motivation - Term Paper Example Rewards, punishments, better work environment, opportunity for growth or further learning etc are some of the motivating factors of the employees. Leaders should identify these factors well and use it judiciously to motivate the employees positively. This paper analyses leadership and use of motivation by leaders. Leadership and use of motivation According to Dr. Northouse (2009), â€Å"Leadership is a process by which an individual influence a group of individuals to achieve a common goal† (Dr. Northouse, 2009, p.3). On the other hand, Gould & Voelker, (2010) defined leadership as a â€Å"complex process that involves the effort of an individual to help groups identify and achieve personal and group goals† (Gould & Voelker, 2010, p.2). It is easy for people to become leaders; but it is difficult to become effective leaders. Leadership is a complex task which requires specific skills such as decision making, problems solving, planning etc. However, the most important ch aracteristic of effective leadership is the ability to motivate the subordinates. Leaders use different strategies to motivate subordinates and to derive the maximum out of them. According to psychology today â€Å"Motivation is literally the desire to do things† (Psychology today, 2011). In fact motivation is a force which destroys the employee inertia to stay in their inactive stage. It helps employees to break their idleness and to work more enthusiastically. Motivation can be classified into two categories; intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation is the motivation driven by inherent characteristics whereas extrinsic motivation is the motivation driven by external factors. Effective leaders will use strategies necessary to motivate subordinates both intrinsically and extrinsically. One of the popular motivation theory used by leaders is Theory of X and theory of Y. This theory emphasizes the different attitudes of people towards their duties and responsibilities. The ory X says that generally human being has an inherent dislike towards work. â€Å"Because of this inherent dislike of work, most people must be coerced, controlled, directed, or threatened so as to induce them to put forth enough effort so as to meet their goals and get their work done† (Furst, 2009). Rewards and punishments are some of the strategies used by leaders to motivate people in the X category. On the other hand people in Y category believe that work is natural just like play or rest. Leaders can motivate such people easily since their attitude towards work is positive. The needs of the people are different because of the different environment in which they live. Some people may have enough financial abilities and they may like recognition more than anything else in their professional life. On the other hand some others may not have enough financial abilities and such people may like financial rewards more than anything else. Work atmosphere is another aspect which motivates the employees. Nobody wants to work in a hostile atmosphere. Everybody wants to work under a peaceful atmosphere. Even if the organization provides, better salaries, such people may not like the organization if it provides a hostile or aggressive work environment. Leaders should be capable enough to realize all these things well and to use their motivation strategies judiciously. In short, it is the duty of the leaders to realize what motivate a particular subordinate. The drive to acquire is an inherent need for majority of the humans. It is difficult to see an

Health Illness and society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Health Illness and society - Essay Example or theories on health are not limited to illnesses and symptoms but as to how people interpret and respond to symptoms as well (Hughner and Kleine 2004, p. 1688). For instance, Hughner and Kleine (2004, p. 1869) pointed out that a person who sees the role of a physician as someone who would fix his or her body would behave in a different way compared to a person who sees himself or herself as somebody who can control his or her own health. A person who sees pills as a magic substance that will cure his or her health will progress differently from a person who sees medicines as only one aspect of a comprehensive approach to health (Hughner and Kleine 2004, p. 1869). Blaxter pointed out in 2000 that the poorest sectors of society can attribute illnesses to purely behavioural causes or that the causes of ill health are beyond their control (Hodgins et al. 2006, p. 1986). Illnesses are always attributed to poverty and the idea that one can be socially unfortunate yet very healthy is inte nsely resisted (Hodgins et al. 2006, 1986). Hodgins et al. (2006, p. 1984) reported that a prevailing belief among Travellers, an ethnic minority in Ireland, is that a woman has to be very sick before seeing a doctor. The Travellers believe that the mother must be the one who must get well last from any illness and that the mother must take care of the family because husbands can leave the family but not the wife or the mother (Hodgins et al. 2004, p. 1983). Travellers also believe that smoking is not contraindicated for heart ailments but is even a way of relaxation (Hodgins et al. 2007). Norby (2008, p. 357) pointed out, â€Å"Patients tend to think they are entitled to understand lay health terms like ‘sickness’ and ‘illness’ in ways that do not necessarily correspond to health professionals’ understanding.† Further, Norby (2008, p. 357) argued that it is â€Å"easier for doctors to create a communicative platform of shared concepts by using and explaining special medical

Collaboration and Argument Essay Example for Free

Collaboration and Argument Essay Boothe Collaboration and Argument Collaboration is defined as working collectively with others or concurrently to achieve a goal especially in a creative attempt to put together the right elements of success implemented to accomplish something. Argument is defined as controversy or the implication of expression through opinions for an effort to persuade; for the submission that provides support or is in contrast to some idea. Robert Ennis defines an argument as an attempt to support a conclusion by giving reasons for it. (Critical Thinking, 1995) Irving M. Copi, in his Introduction to Logic, defines an argument as a group of propositions of which one, the conclusion, is claimed to follow from the others, which are premises. Collaboration changes the research process because it is a group ideal instead of an individual ideal. Collaboration gives each individual on the team the ability to share creative and innovative thoughts and interact with others by sharing ideas through critical thinking, preparation and work practice with individuals in defined areas which provide an opportunity for each team member to strive for higher standards within the group. Collaboration can be an incentive for the better-prepared students to provide assistance and encourage the members of the team who are most likely not going to meet the goal, and the less-prepared students are likely to work harder so as not to disappoint the other team members. By having a team leader it shares the accountability for student success through frequent use of collaboration as an approach to improving instruction for an effective use of common planning time. Collaboration encourages diversity with a social support system in a more personal environment that will aid in the development of skills, time management and problem solving that can be used on the job and beyond. Collaboration can actually make it easier and harder when having to evaluate sources. The goal is find a way to get knowledgably team members to be productive an establish a formal process to perform work, develop distinct purpose, and assist in the process of better connections among team members. As a group you have to think as a group with one ideal and be able to comprehend and engage structure collaboration process while maintaining a strong affiliation among teammates. Provided that a time line has been created the work load should be evenly distributed for all of the team members and information should be shared willingly. Communication is very important so that all members can equally speak whether positively or negatively about the topic as well as listening to all of the group members. By analyzing different types of collaborative tasks each member can interoperate what is relevant by their own learning skills, strategies and personal experiences that would encourage conversation within the group that provides feedback and encourages questions, negotiations and open mindedness with the differences of each person’s creative and innovative ideals which will generate a good argument. In order for a group to produce their ethos for a team paper it is important that each member knows the definition of an ethos. Ethos, or a reputable position, is a matter of gaining the confidence of the audience by either the character or the author. Respect and trust are both valuable traits that are needed from your audience therefore giving you the authority on your topic so that the group is able to persuade their audience that their ideas are credible, or more credible than someone elses. The ethos for a team paper is produced as a group within the quality of the produced product. With the blended combination and disposition of the group they must be believable or convincing and be able to characterize the differences between fact and opinion based on sound logic and solid evidence that encourages trustworthiness or credibility prototypes within the group and while persuading your audience. Papers that are written collaboratively are created in a different form then papers that are written by an individual due to the fact that collaboration means to work with another or others on a joint project while individual means working independently. Collaborative writing refers to organizing and the planning of shared written documents during the process of team building. As a team you also have more members that can get the job done faster and even sometimes better. Collaboratively written papers start with preliminary discussions of an ideal then on to brainstorming as input is divided into sections so that participation can be achieved by each team member with open channels of communication within the allotted time line so that the assignment can be assessed by the group to provide the final draft. The independent working individually creates their papers differently by doing all of the work on their own with full control of their time limits, methods, process and style. They are responsible for their own argument. The downside is that they are not able to collaborate and get ideals from others and time restraints can be a factor on large tasks and when something becomes too difficult to handle there is no one to assist you. Collaboratively and individually arguments are written differently on the account of facts and opinions that are researched as a group and the individual argument is researched solely by the individual. The members of the group decide on which activities are to be completed as a group and which one should be completed by individual group members. Deliberation improves critical thinking by providing a constant consideration and synthesis of other viewpoints. These issues become the argument for the group. With respect for the other team members opinions will continue to simultaneously push the boundaries of the other team members’ experiences which will create a new mode of thinking, analyzing, criteria and judgment that often reveals new and unique approaches. Team members benefit from reflection and by verbalization. The peer coaching helps all the members, both the high and the low achievers, to become actively involved with the material. When it comes to independent study there is no one else that can incorporate other viewpoints into their own opinions nor or they able to incorporate communication or listening skills, but they are able to avoid conflicts enhance their own effectiveness and efficiency. When writing collaboratively, an argument that is determined by one’s own position should be decided by which side of the issue they are willing to take on or if they are prepared for both sides by matching up each team member’s ability and talent no matter what their strengths or weakness may be. When determining the fundamental quality of an argument it gives the team member the ability to understand the arguments of others and evaluate the quality arguments used to improve their skills. The person who represents knowledgeable information is factual and some team members may have difficulty evaluating arguments on the basis of their quality. By explaining skills that are important to overall argument and by the use of an evaluation the team may show an increased performance by the immediate feedback. By giving the team members the tools to evaluate the production of their own individual work could enhance their ability to find their position. It is also important that the individual who has his own argument is being respectful and open minded so that the team member has the ability to persuade and influence others on similar subjects and while gaining additional information from their team. When a team member supports an argument that they find not to be creditable the reason for that could be the disagreement of opposing viewpoints due to the lack of interest in the topic or a similar subject in which the member is not convinced of the views causing the team member to reject information that is incorrect or irrelevant. In order to avoid conflict within the team, the team member suspends judgment and avoids new solutions that may hinder statements that are not supported by research that could weaken the final paper. Individuals often have a strong emotional connection to the positions they argue in essays because of the all of the challenging research work that they have done to find credible resources. The individual could educate the other team members about their own experiences of encouragement, awareness and understanding of the argument. Depending on the position of each member f the team the discussion of the topic may not all be shared by the same similarly intense connection therefore the role of the team should be a peer review that encourages and contains constructive criticism; this method is used to improve one’s project and not to shoot down anyone’s work. Two common peer review methods are the inspection method and the walk-through method. Work is heavily analyzed throug h the inspection method. As each individual puts in their input and guides the conversation. Each peer then provides comments to help improve the quality of work. Constructive and respectful criticism provides useful feedback even though the team member may show strong emotion on the argument. The best methods of peer review used for evaluating the quality of an argument in a paper is more of a conversation designed to give constructive criticism through discussion and communications. Using groups to give feedback to other group members on specific questions about their own papers that they would like reviewed. Members are encouraged to write down questions at the beginning of the peer review and ask peers to take these questions into consideration while writing their review. This is feedback encourages students to have their work analyzed through questions and deliberations of their own. Advanced peer reviews encourage paper writing as a mode of conducting peer reviews. Self-Evaluations is the assessing one’s own work. When writing collaboratively, the best processes for making sure sections of a project written by different team members are logically consistent is to make sure that the directions are clear, uncomplicated and easy to understand in order to be rational. Write a short introductory paragraph that would introduce the reader to the topic and explain what it is and how it should affect people and also provide a brief history of the issue. The process for evaluating a team paper for plagiarism differs from the process of evaluating ones work is that group writing represents an exclusive challenge because each person has their own different passions, opinions and backgrounds towards writing. Whether the members of the team are not able to make the time lines and strive for the easiest route or intentional or unintentional copy an author’s work the team’s work could suffer. The team should be educated about plagiarism either by self detection or software programs. The team writing process that would produce the strongest arguments would be an argumentative paper that argues for a particular side that has opposing information or opinions that are debatable issues. In order to be most persuasive, understand both sides of the issue by having at least three reasons that support your point of view and two reasons that support the opposing viewpoint and it is important that the paper has a strong thesis statement and strong support for the position. Counter argument for why they are not valid reasons. The topics that are selected for individual argument papers differ from those chosen for team papers because a decision is made within the group on which person will do what work as an individual, but other factors should be considered such as time and how well the assignment can be completed. All team members have a vested interest in understanding the appropriate response. Conclusion Today’s research and teaching is no longer performed independently or in seclusion. Research and teaching shows that both collaboration and argument work hand and hand and can benefit others and help to address problems when we work in collaboration with those whom we research with. Collaboration provides specific guidelines that help all diverse backgrounds come together with ideals and experiences for solutions and understanding and that argument assists in providing the best reasoning to distinguish between facts and opinions through detailed observation.